Present Perfect Continuous
Kullanımı ve Cümle Yapısı
Present perfect simple bir işin tamamlandığını veya tamamlanan sonucunu ifade eder. Present perfect contininuous yapmakta olduğumuz eylemin kendisini belirtir. Present perfect continuous tense, geçmiş ve şimdiki zamanda sürekliliği anlatan bir zamandır. İngilizcede şimdiki veya geçmiş zamanda devam eden bir işi ifade etmek için present perfect continuous kullanılır. Özetle, Present perfect continuous tense, bir eylemin şimdiye kadar yapıldığını ve şu anda yapılmasının devam ettiğini ifade eder. Present perfect continous tense cümleler, iki öğeden oluşur: 'to be' fiilinin present perfect hali(have/has been) ve fiilin present participle hali (V+ing).
| Subject | has/have been | base+ing |
| She | has been | swimming |
Affirmative: She has been / She's been running.
Negative: She hasn't been running.
Interrogative : Has she been running?
Interrogative negative: Hasn't she been running?
Example: present perfect continuous, TO LIVE
| Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative |
|---|---|---|
| I have been living | I haven't been living | Have I been living? |
| You have been living | You haven't been living | Have you been living? |
| He, she, it has been living | He hasn't been living | Has she been living? |
| We have been living | We haven't been living | Have we been living? |
| You have been living | You haven't been living | Have you been living? |
| They have been living | They haven't been living | Have they been living? |
Functions of the present perfect continuous
The present perfect continuous refers to an unspecified time between 'before now' and 'now'. The speaker is thinking about something that started but perhaps did not finish in that period of time. He/she is interested in the process as well as the result, and this process may still be going on, or may have just finished.
Actions that started in the past and continue in the present
She has been waiting for you all day (= and she's still waiting now).
I've been working on this report since eight o'clock this morning (= and I still haven't finished it).
They have been travelling since last October (= and they're not home yet).
Actions that have just finished, but we are interested in the results
She has been cooking since last night (= and the food on the table looks delicious).
It's been raining (= and the streets are still wet).
Someone's been eating my chips (= half of them have gone).
Verbs without continuous forms
With verbs not normally used in the continuous form, use the simple present perfect. For example:
I've wanted to visit China for years.
She's known Robert since she was a child.
I've hated that music since I first heard it.
I've heard a lot about you recently.
We've understood everything.
we've heard this morning.
